The UK and Ireland are home to some of the most beautiful historic sites in the world. From enchanting castles to towering cathedrals, these spots offer you a window into a time of knights, kings, and ancient traditions.
One of the most famous is the Tower of London, a historic fortress and former royal pad with a wild history. Up in Scotland, Edinburgh Castle stands tall and offers jaw-dropping views. In Wales, check out Caernarfon Castle, a UNESCO World Heritage Site known for its amazing architecture and connection to the Prince of Wales. And across the Irish Sea, Ireland’s Rock of Cashel in Tipperary is a stunning set of medieval buildings perched on a limestone hill.
Each of these spots gives you a unique glimpse into the past, inviting you to dive into the medieval vibes and imagine life back then.
So, whether you’re a history buff, a ‘regular’ tourist (like us), or a photographer seeking the perfect Instagram shot, visiting these medieval sites is sure to be an unforgettable experience.
This guide covers must-visit sites and how to make the most of your journey, including tips on how to travel around the UK and Ireland.
1. Edinburgh Castle, Scotland
Perched on Castle Rock, Edinburgh Castle dominates the skyline of Scotland’s capital city. This iconic fortress played a crucial role in the country’s history. It served as a royal residence and a military stronghold in the past. On a visit here, you can explore St. Margaret’s Chapel, the oldest surviving building in Edinburgh, and admire the Stone of Destiny, a symbol of Scottish kingship.
After your visit, take time to wander the Royal Mile, a medieval street that connects the castle to the Palace of Holyroodhouse. Here, you’ll find historic sites, artisan shops, and charming pubs that show the spirit of old Edinburgh.
2. Blarney Castle, Ireland
Blarney Castle in County Cork, Ireland is also known as Lia Fáil or the Stone of Destiny, And as you may know, it’s said to give anyone who kisses it ‘the gift of the gab’. This means you’ll have the ability to speak eloquently!
It’s one of the top tourist destinations in all of Ireland. And it gets very busy in the Summer months (July and August) so be prepared for that.
If you love to walk, there are numerous routes you can take through the grounds, some a lot longer than others. The Woodland Walk, the Lake Walk, and the Riverside Walk are the three walking trails here.
The Castle’s grounds sprawl across 60 acres, so you can easily spend the whole day here – if you have the time!
Some of the best things to see on the grounds of Blarney Castle include –
- The Dungeon – You’ll find this below the lookout tower on the way to kiss the stone
- Poison Garden – Is to educate visitors on the poisonous plants found in Ireland, safe to say, don’t touch anything here
- The Wishing Steps – A firm-favorite with children, you must walk up and down these steps with your eyes closed and make a wish. Legend says that your wish will come true within a year
- Blarney Castle House – This mansion dates back to 1864, and the owner of Blarney Castle – Charles St John Colthurst, resides here for most of the year.
- The Witches Kitchen – It is believed that this is the spot where the first cave dwellers in Ireland lived. If you get to this spot first thing in the morning you may find a fire that was lit by a witch the night before!
3. The Tower of London, England
Standing proudly on the banks of the River Thames, the Tower of London is an iconic symbol of England’s medieval past. Built by William the Conqueror in the 11th century, it has served as a royal residence, prison, and treasury. Today, you can explore its storied walls, see the Crown Jewels up close, and walk the infamous Traitors’ Gate.
For history enthusiasts, guided tours with knowledgeable Yeoman Warders (aka guardians of the Tower of London) bring the tower’s fascinating history to life.
If you’re traveling from Scotland, the Edinburgh to London train offers a scenic and stress-free way to arrive in the capital. This comfortable journey takes you past rolling hills, historic cities, and stunning countryside.
4. Rock of Cashel, Ireland
Moving across to Ireland, the Rock of Cashel is one of Ireland’s most iconic medieval sites. This stunning limestone hill is topped with ancient structures, including a round tower, a 13th-century Gothic cathedral, and a high cross. Legend has it that St. Patrick himself visited!
To truly appreciate the depth of Ireland’s medieval heritage, consider booking private tours to Ireland. With a local guide, you’ll uncover hidden gems, delve into folklore, and gain insights into Ireland’s fascinating past. Private tours also allow for a tailored experience, ensuring you don’t miss out on must-visit sites like Kilkenny Castle or Glendalough.
5. York Minster, England
York Minster, one of Europe’s largest Gothic cathedrals, is a masterpiece of medieval craftsmanship. Located in the heart of York, this architectural marvel boasts intricate stained glass windows, including the Great East Window, which is the biggest medieval stained glass window in the world!
Here, you can climb the central tower for panoramic views of the city or go down into the crypt to explore Roman and Viking relics. Which were discovered beneath the cathedral.
The city of York itself is a medieval treasure trove, with cobbled streets, historic pubs, and the famous Shambles – a well-preserved medieval street that feels like you’ve stepped back in time.
6. Conwy Castle, Wales
Built by Edward I when he was taking over Wales, this UNESCO World Heritage Site is one of the hidden gem medieval castles in Europe. Its towering stone walls and eight massive towers offer killer views of the countryside, the River Conwy, and the charming town of Conwy.
Besides its historical vibe, the castle is a masterpiece of medieval military design with its smart layout and detailed features. Wandering around its battlements, great hall, and chapel is a fun experience.
7. Trinity College and the Book of Kells, Ireland
No visit to Ireland is complete without a visit to Trinity College in Dublin, where the world-famous Book of Kells is located. This illuminated manuscript, created by monks in the 9th century, is a testament to Ireland’s artistic and religious heritage.
While here, you can view its intricate designs in the Old Library, a breathtaking space with floor-to-ceiling bookshelves that feels like stepping into a different era.
And while you’re in Dublin, take the time to explore St. Patrick’s Cathedral, another medieval gem that offers insight into the city’s religious history.
8. Westminster Abbey, England
Westminster Abbey is one of the most recognizable medieval buildings in the UK Located in the heart of London, this Gothic masterpiece has been the site of royal coronations, weddings, and burials for centuries. When you come here, you can marvel at its towering nave, ornate chapels, and the resting places of historical figures like Isaac Newton and Elizabeth I.
Afterward, a stroll along the River Thames or a visit to nearby Big Ben adds to the quintessential London experience.
9. Stirling Castle, Scotland
Nestled on a volcanic crag overlooking the River Forth, Stirling Castle is a Scottish treasure steeped in history. Once a residence for Scottish kings and queens, including Mary, Queen of Scots, the castle played a pivotal role in battles such as the Wars of Scottish Independence.
While here, you can explore its beautifully restored Great Hall, the royal apartments, and the Chapel Royal, all offering an authentic glimpse into medieval life. Stirling Castle also provides panoramic views of the surrounding countryside, including the iconic Wallace Monument.
10. Caernarfon Castle, Wales
As you may know, Wales is home to some of the most impressive castles in the UK, and Caernarfon Castle is a standout example. Built by Edward I in the late 13th century, this fortress was designed to project English power over Wales. Its imposing walls, polygonal towers, and strategic riverside location make it a must-see.
Families will love the interactive exhibits that bring the castle’s history to life, while photographers will appreciate the dramatic views of the surrounding landscape. Nearby, the charming town of Caernarfon offers quaint streets and waterfront dining.
Our top tips for visiting the above medieval sites:
- Plan Ahead: Popular sites like Edinburgh Castle and the Tower of London can get busy, especially during peak tourist seasons, so it is best to book your tickets online.
- Travel Light: Many medieval sites involve climbing stairs or navigating uneven terrain, so comfortable footwear and a light backpack are essential.
- Local Guides: Whether you opt for guided tours with local experts or explore historic sites like York with a knowledgeable host, these experiences can deepen your understanding and bring the history of the region to life.
- Mix and Match: Pair major landmarks with lesser-known gems to avoid “tourist fatigue” and enjoy a well-rounded trip.
- Flights are cheap: Thankfully flights within the UK and Ireland are cheap thanks to budget airlines such as Ryanair and EasyJet – which means that you can easily get between the cities mentioned above. Just be sure to book at least 2 months in advance to get the best deal.
- Train travel is stress-free: The extensive rail network in the UK, connects major cities like London, Edinburgh, Manchester, and Cardiff, as well as smaller towns and rural areas. It’s a popular way to travel but can be pricey! Which is why renting a car may be a good idea!
Thanks for reading!
Visiting historic sites is one of my favorite things to do in the UK. I mean, these are some of the most popular tourist destinations in Europe good reason. And I really hope you enjoy visiting them as much as I did!
You may also enjoy reading my other Ireland content, such as –
How to Spend One Day in Rye, England
How to Spend One Day in Brighton
Considering a Visit to Peppa Pig World? (Here’s Everything to Know!)
13 of the Best Things To Do in Rye East Sussex
Last Updated on May 8, 2025 by snaphappytravel